Networking

The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is key to the internet’s data exchange. It handles billions of packets every second. This keeps devices connected all over the world. TCP makes sure packets arrive in the right order. It uses details like timestamps, ports, and flags for secure communication. It shows how analyzing these can uncover hidden problems.…

Over four billion IPv4 addresses are in use today. This shows how widespread this protocol is. Each ip packet starts with an ipv4 header. This header has important fields that help data move across networks. Experts use it to make sure data gets to the right place. IPv4 is a connectionless protocol. It doesn’t guarantee…

About seven out of ten organizations use encryption for important data. This shows the growing need for better security in online communication. So, what is ipsec? It’s a set of protocols that encrypt and authenticate packets in networks. The Internet Engineering Task Force created it to fight against eavesdropping and cyberattacks. It acts as a…

Did you know a timing error of just a few nanoseconds can disrupt critical data exchanges in global trading rooms? This tiny margin shows why experts rely on the precision time protocol, or ptp. It’s the key to consistent synchronization. PTP’s importance has grown as industries need split-second accuracy. This ensures they stay efficient. Modern…

In big networks, having an iBGP full mesh means lots of peerings. A single route reflector greatly reduces this, saving a lot of effort and bandwidth. A bgp route reflector makes it easier for peers to share routes. It does this without needing every device to connect with each other. This section shows how it…

It might surprise you to learn that nearly three out of four network outages are caused by weak segmentation. This shows how important a good VLAN design is. Inter vlan routing makes it easy and safe to share data between different segments. Data from <web_sourse> shows that intervlan routing is key for letting traffic move…

Did you know over 70% of targeted attacks target unsecured remote access points? This shows how important encrypted connections are in network management. Secure Shell, or SSH, secures your Cisco devices and keeps data safe from unauthorized access. In this quick guide, you’ll learn how to create RSA keys and use a Cisco crypto image…

Did you know that close to 40% of large-scale attacks use fake IP addresses to get past defenses? This shows how important it is to guard every entry point in your network. URPF acts as a guard, checking each incoming packet’s source IP against a trusted list. It blocks suspicious traffic right away. Many wonder…

Did you know a single web request can travel across more than a dozen hops before it reaches your screen? This makes traceroute very valuable. It shows each step along the way, helping to find sources of latency or failure. The traceroute command, typed as tracert on Windows, is key. It traces route paths and…

ARP does a lot every day in home and business networks. Fortinet says ARP links a changing IP address to a fixed MAC address. This makes it easy for devices to talk to each other on IPv4 networks. The term ARP stands for Address Resolution Protocol. Many ask what is arp or seek arp meaning.…